Resolution of single and double Holliday junction recombination Biology Diagrams Learn about homologous recombination, a type of genetic recombination that exchanges DNA between similar or identical molecules. Find out how it works, why it is important, and how it is used in gene targeting and evolution. Homologous recombination (HR) comprises a series of interrelated pathways that function in the repair of DNA double-stranded breaks (DSBs) and interstrand crosslinks (ICLs). In addition DNA Molecules Recombine by Breaking and Rejoining. Genetic recombination was first defined by studies of Drosophila, on the basis of the observation that genes on different copies of homologous chromosomes can reassort during meiosis.With the subsequent discovery that genes consist of DNA, two alternative models to explain recombination at the molecular level were considered (Figure 5.28).
Learn about homologous recombination, the exchange of genetic material between two strands of DNA that contain long stretches of similar base sequences. Find out how it occurs naturally and in genetic engineering, and its role in DNA repair, meiosis, and evolution. Homologous recombination is the exchange of genetic information between two similar or identical strands of DNA. Learn how it occurs in eukaryotes, bacteria and viruses, and how it is used in genetic engineering and evolution. Homologous recombination (HR) aims to faithfully repair DNA double strand breaks that formed either by accident or were induced in the genome, for example to generate crossing-over during meiosis [1,2,3,4]. In bacteria, HR requires the formation of nucleoprotein filaments of the RecA protein bound to a DNA single strand (ssDNA) provided from
Homologous recombination in DNA repair and DNA damage tolerance Biology Diagrams
machinery, and recombination of a damaged DNA with its sister chromatid re-establishes the DNA replication fork3. Meiotic recombination is 100-1,000-fold more fre-quent than mitotic recombination, and it usually involves homologous chromosomes and generates chromosome-arm crossovers. These crossovers are essential for proper Homologous recombination occurs in meiotic cells. In most species, every chromosome will undergo at least one recombination event. However, the ability to use one chromosome as a template for a broken one can also be used in instances of DNA damage, especially DNA backbone breaks. Remember that outside of meiosis I, homologous chromosomes are Homologous recombination (HR) is an important mechanism for the repair of damaged chromosomes, for preventing the demise of damaged replication forks, and for several other aspects of chromosome
